?Final Price Realized includes Buyer’s Premium added to Hammer Price
Estimate: $ 7,000 - $ 10,000
VILLA JOINS HIS REVOLUTIONARY FORCES WITH THE CONSTITUTIONALIST ARMY OF CARRANZA VILLA, FRANCISCO ("PANCHO"). Two items, each Signed, "Francisco Villa," to Primer Jefe of the Constitutionalist Army Venustiano Carranza, in Spanish: Typed Document * Typed Letter. The document, acknowledging Venustiano Carranza as Primer Jefe of the Constitutionalist movement, agreeing to convey to the Garrison their commitment to the Plan of Guadalupe, and promising to notify Carranza of their agreement. Additionally signed by 7 of Villa's lieutenants including Colonel Juan Dozal, Colonel Fidel Ávila, and Manuel Madinabeitia. The letter, sending the document. Each 1 or 1/2 page, folio; moderate dampstaining at upper right affecting a couple paragraphs of text on each page (but still legible), complete or nearly complete separations at folds with some paper repairs verso, two punch holes in left margin, minor loss to small area at lower edge repaired verso with paper, "Cuartel General" stamp in blue ink at upper left corner. Santa Rosalia, 26 May 1913
The document: ". . . [T]he Chiefs and . . . Officers of the Garrison agree to the following in order to comply with the Plan to support the First Chief of the Constitutionalist Army, Mr. Venustiano Carranza, and other Chiefs who joined him in the movement in the State of Coahuila: "1. Venustiano Carranza is recognized as Premier Chief of the Constitutionalist Army of the Republic. "2. The Premier Chief is to be given notice of this determination by the fastest and safest means. "3. A communication is to be sent . . . to the Garrison informing it of the recognition of Venustiano Carranza as Premier Chief of the Movement, and its adherence . . . to the Plan signed in Guadalupe. . . ." On February 18, 1913, commander of the Mexican Federal Army Victoriano Huerta betrayed his president Francisco Madero by conspiring with the leader of the rebel army of Félix Díaz to make himself the president of Mexico. Huerta declined to hold a free election to select a new president despite the urging of many in Mexico and of the U.S. government. In March, Coahuila Governor Venustiano Carranza led a constitutionalist movement to form an army with the aim of vanquishing Huerta's despotism, proclaiming the movement's principles in the "Plan of Guadalupe" (so named because it was composed at the Hacienda de Guadalupe in Coahuila).
